Kaliy, qon zardobi
Kod:8042|CPT:null|LOINC:null
| Kabi | Kaliy |
|---|
Tahlil ma'lumotlari
Tadqiqot usuli
- Bilvosita (hisoblash) usuli
Kutilayotgan natija topshirish vaqti
1 kun
Maxsus tayyorlik
- For infants younger than 1 year, withhold feeding for 30–40 minutes before the blood draw.
- Children 1–5 years should fast for 2–3 hours before collection.
- Adolescents and adults should fast for 12 hours; water is permitted.
- Do not smoke for at least 30 minutes before collection.
Qanday foydalanish
Kaliy, qon zardobi testi (zardob kaliyi, K) giperkalemiya va gipokalemiya kabi kaliy muvozanati buzilishlarini (diskalemiyalarni) tasdiqlash va kuzatish uchun qo‘llanadi. Shuningdek, kaliy muvozanatiga ta’sir qiladigan dori vositalari, masalan, diuretiklar, boshlangandan yoki dozalari o‘zgartirilgandan so‘ng darajalarni kuzatish uchun buyuriladi. Klinik amaliyotda bu tahlil kaliy siljishlari bilan bog‘liq surunkali holatlarda, jumladan surunkali buyrak kasalligida, elektrolit holatini baholash uchun ishlatiladi.
Cheklovlar
Kaliy natriy, xlorid va bikarbonat bilan birgalikda suv taqsimoti, mushaklarning qisqarishi, nerv impulslari o‘tkazilishi va kislota–ishqor muvozanatini saqlashda ishtirok etadi. Ushbu muvofiqlashgan elektrolitlar membrana qo‘zg‘aluvchanligini va to‘qimalar bo‘ylab fiziologik barqarorlikni qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi. Aldosteron ta’siri ostidagi buyrak orqali chiqarilish kaliy gomestazini boshqaruvchi asosiy mexanizmdir. Kaliyning asosiy qismi hujayra ichida joylashganligi sababli, hujayradan tashqari va plazmadagi ulushi kichik; shu bois zardob darajasidagi kichik o‘zgarishlar ham kattaroq fiziologik ta’sirlarga olib kelishi mumkin. Keskin og‘ishlar nevromushak disfunktsiyasi va yurak o‘tkazuvchanligi buzilishlarini keltirib chiqaradi, shok, nafas yetishmovchiligi va hayot uchun xavfli aritmiyalar xavfi bilan.
| O'lchov birligi | mmol/L | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referens oraliq |
| ||||
| Ko'rsatmalar | Assessment when a potassium imbalance is suspected (hyperkalemia or hypokalemia)., Broad electrolyte evaluation in patients receiving diuretics or other cardiovascular medications., Hypertension., Chronic kidney disease., Ongoing monitoring during hemodialysis., Serial testing during diuretic therapy., Monitoring during intravenous fluid or medication administration., Findings suggestive of hyperkalemia: neuromuscular irritability, muscle cramps, diarrhea, oliguria, or cardiac arrhythmia with peaked T waves., Features suggestive of hypokalemia: asthenia, polydipsia, polyuria, anorexia, weak pulse, hypotension, emesis, hyporeflexia, or flattened T waves on ECG. |
Natija og'ishlarining mumkin sabablari
Oshgan daraja
- amiloride
- atenolol
- captopril
- enalapril
- heparin
- histamine
- leukocytosis
- lisinopril
- lithium
- mannitol
- nsaids
- propranolol
- spironolactone
- thrombocytosis
- triamterene
Pasaygan daraja
- amphotericin b
- carbenicillin
- clonidine
- diuretics
- gentamicin
- glucocorticoids
- insulin
- isoproterenol
Namunangiz talablari
| Namunangiz | Zardob |
|---|---|
| Container | Oltin/yo'lbars qopqoqli probirka (SST, gel ajratgich) |
| Saqlash tayyorlik | Sovutilgan |