Glyukoza
Kod:8001|CPT:82947|LOINC:2345-7
| Kabi | Glyukoza |
|---|
Tahlil ma'lumotlari
Tadqiqot usuli
- Fermentativ usul
- Geksokinaza usuli
Kutilayotgan natija topshirish vaqti
1 kun
Maxsus tayyorlik
- Maintain a 12-hour fast before the specimen is collected.
- Avoid strenuous exercise and minimize emotional stress for 30 minutes prior to collection.
- Do not smoke during the 30 minutes before the blood draw.
Qanday foydalanish
Glyukoza (qon/plazma) testi, shuningdek qon glyukozasi, qon shakari, och qoringa qon glyukozasi yoki och qoringa plazma glyukozasi sifatida ham ma’lum, qandli diabetni tashxislash va uglevod almashinuvining kengroq buzilishlarini, jumladan alkogolizm bilan bog‘liq holatlarni baholash uchun qo‘llaniladi. Klinitsistlar uni atsidoz va ketoatsidoz, degidratatsiya va koma kabi metabolik dekompensatsiyani baholash hamda insulinoma bilan bog‘liq va nevroglikopeniya bilan kechadigan epizodlarni o‘z ichiga olgan gipoglikemiyani tekshirish uchun ishlatadi. Giperglikemiya yoki gipoglikemiyani skrining va tasdiqlash och qoringa, tasodifiy yoki postprandial namunalar asosida o‘tkazilishi mumkin; g‘ayritabiiy qiymatlar boshqa kunlarda takroriy tekshiruv bilan yoki og‘iz orqali glyukoza tolerantlik testi yordamida tasdiqlanadi. Tahlil, shuningdek, HbA1c bilan birgalikda diabetni uzluksiz monitoring qilish va odatda homiladorlikning 24–28 xaftalarida o‘tkaziladigan gestatsion diabet skriningi uchun qo‘llaniladi.
Cheklovlar
Ingichka ichakda so‘rilgan glyukoza ko‘pchilik hujayralar uchun asosiy energiya substrati sifatida qon oqimida aylanadi, va markaziy asab tizimining normal faoliyati uning qat’iy nazorat qilinadigan konsentratsiyasiga bog‘liq. Oshqozon osti bezi ishlab chiqaradigan insulin glyukozaning hujayralarga kirishini va uni glikogen yoki triglitseridlar sifatida zaxiralanishini rag‘batlantiradi, glukagon esa jigar glikogenolizini faollashtirib, ochlik davrida qondagi glyukoza darajasini oshiradi. Gomestatik mexanizmlar odatda konsentratsiyani tor diapazonda ushlab turadi; bu jarayon buzilganda giperglikemiya yoki gipoglikemiya yuzaga keladi. Normal diapazondan keskin og‘ishlar a’zolar disfunktsiyasi, nevrologik shikastlanish va komaga olib kelishi mumkin. Uzoq davom etuvchi giperglikemiya buyraklar, ko‘zlar, yurak, qon tomirlari va periferik nervlarni zararlovchi mikrotomirli va makrotomirli asoratlar rivojlanishiga hissa qo‘shadi. Homiladorlikda davolanmagan giperglikemiya (gestatsion diabet) homila makrosomiyasi va keyingi neonatal gipoglikemiya xavfini oshiradi.
| O'lchov birligi | mg/dL | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referens oraliq |
| |||||||||
| Ko'rsatmalar | Initial diagnosis of diabetes mellitus., Screening for and confirmation of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia on fasting, random, or postprandial samples, with repeat testing on different days for abnormal results., Inclusion in an oral glucose tolerance test protocol., Ongoing management of diabetes in combination with HbA1c., Evaluation of carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities, including disturbances related to alcoholism., Assessment of metabolic derangements such as acidosis, ketoacidosis, dehydration, or coma., Workup of hypoglycemic episodes due to insulinoma or associated with neuroglycopenia., Screening for gestational diabetes, generally at 24–28 weeks of pregnancy. |
Namunangiz talablari
| Namunangiz | Zardob |
|---|---|
| Container | Oltin/yo'lbars qopqoqli probirka (SST, gel ajratgich) |
| Hajm | 1 mL (min 0.7 mL) |
| Saqlash tayyorlik | Xona harorati, Sovutilgan, Muzlatilgan |
References
Federal clinical guidelines for the management of children with endocrine diseases. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Moscow; 2014.
Clinical guidelines: Algorithms of specialized medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus. Eds. I.I. Dedov, M.V. Shestakova, A.Yu. Mayorov. 8th ed. Moscow; 2017.
Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia. Report of a WHO/IDF Consultation. 2006.
Recommendations on diabetes, prediabetes and cardiovascular diseases. European Association for the Study of Diabetes/European Society of Cardiology. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2014;3(107):7-61.
Gestational diabetes mellitus: diagnosis, treatment, and postpartum follow-up. Clinical guideline (protocol). Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Moscow; 2014.