Бак. посев отделяемого из уретры на микрофлору с определением чувствительности к антибиотикам
Kod:19020
Tahlil ma'lumotlari
Tadqiqot usuli
—
Kutilayotgan natija topshirish vaqti
5–7 kun
Maxsus tayyorlik
- Schedule collection before menses or 2–3 days after menstruation ends.
- For 3 days before sampling, avoid vaginal suppositories, creams/ointments, spermicides, and tampons.
- Wait at least 48 hours after transvaginal ultrasound, colposcopy, or biopsy before collection.
- Avoid sexual intercourse for 24 hours prior to the test.
- Do not douche on the day before or the day of specimen collection.
- Do not urinate for 1.5–2 hours before sampling.
- Cleanse the external genital area immediately before collection using water only; do not use antiseptics or antibacterial soap.
- In consultation with the clinician, discontinue antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications several days before testing.
Qanday foydalanish
Ayollarning urogenital ajralmalarining mikroskopik tekshiruvi (vaginal, servikal va uretral Gram-bo‘yalgan surtmalar; bakterioskopiya; mikroflora uchun urogenital surtma) vaginal mikrobiota va yallig‘lanish javobini tavsiflaydi. Test bakterial vaginoz tashxisini qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi va surtma orqali aniqlanadigan infeksiyalarni, masalan, vulvovaginal kandidoz, trixomoniaz va gonoreyani aniqlaydi hamda genital va pastki siydik yo‘llari kasalliklarini differensial baholashga yordam beradi. U urogenital trakt infeksiyalarini davolashga javobni monitoring qilish va homiladorlikni rejalashtirayotgan hamda prenatal kuzatuvdagi ayollarda reproduktiv salomatlikni baholash uchun qo‘llanadi; homiladorlikda surtma mikroskopiyasi uch marta tavsiya etiladi (birlamchi tashrifda, 30 haftada va 36 haftada).
Cheklovlar
Sog‘lom vaginal ekotizim taxminan 40 mikroblar turidan iborat. Reproduktiv yoshdagi ayollarda laktobatsillalar ustun bo‘lib, floraning taxminan 95–98% ni tashkil qiladi. Glikogen mavjudligida sut kislotasi va vodorod peroksidini ishlab chiqarib, laktobatsillalar opportunistlarning ortiqcha ko‘payishini susaytiruvchi va patogenlar bilan kolonizatsiyani cheklovchi kislotali muhitni (pH = 3.8–4.5) saqlaydi. Qolgan 2–3% shartli patogen organizmlardan iborat bo‘lib, ularga stafilokokklar, streptokokklar, korynebakteriyalar, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Gardnerella va turli anaeroblar (Bacteroides, Prevotella, Micrococcus, Mobiluncus, Enterococcus, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Veillonella, Clostridium, Eubacterium, Campylobacter, Fusobacterium) kiradi. Candida jinsiga mansub xamirturushlar ham kichik miqdorlarda bo‘lishi mumkin. Laktobatsillalarning kamayishi ushbu hamjamiyatni beqarorlashtirishi, disbiozga va opportunistik mikroblarning kengayishiga olib kelishi mumkin. Qo‘zg‘atuvchi omillarga immunosupressiya, stress, metabolik buzilishlar, keng ta’sir doirasiga ega antibiotiklar ta’siri, yallig‘lanishga qarshi, immunosupressiv va gormonal terapiyalar, shuningdek gormonal o‘tish davrlari (menarxe, homiladorlik, menopauza, tug‘ruqdan keyingi davr, abortdan keyingi davr) va yetarli gigiyena emasligi kiradi. O‘z vaqtida boshqarilmasa, bunday nomutanosiblik jinsiy a’zolar traktining yallig‘lanish kasalliklariga (masalan, endometrit, salpingit, ooforit), homiladorlik asoratlariga, tushishga va bepushtlikka hissa qo‘shishi mumkin. Vaginal, servikal va uretral surtmalarni mikroskopik tahlil umumiy bakterial yuklamaning yarim-kvantitativ bahosini beradi, flora tarkibini belgilaydi va epiteliy holati hamda yallig‘lanish darajasini leykotsit javobi orqali baholaydi. Gram bo‘yash organizmlarni gram-musbat yoki gram-manfiy sifatida tez tasniflashni osonlashtiradi; normal ginekologik surtmada laktobatsillalarni ifodalovchi gram-musbat tayoqchalar (laktomorfotiplar) ustunlik qiladi.
| Referens oraliq | — |
|---|---|
| Ko'rsatmalar | Preventive gynecologic screening to detect inflammatory diseases of the female genital tract., Pelvic or lower abdominal pain, dysuria, dyspareunia, pruritus of the external genitalia, or abnormal vaginal discharge (curd-like or purulent)., Suspected post-therapy dysbiosis after antibiotics, hormonal agents, or immunosuppressants., Preoperative assessment before pelvic surgery or gynecologic procedures (e.g., cauterization of cervical ectopy, polypectomy, endometrial curettage, intrauterine device placement)., Preconception evaluation and infertility workup. |
Namunangiz talablari
| Namunangiz | Surtma |
|---|---|
| Container | Eyms transport muhitidagi tampon |