Karbamid azoti, 24 soatlik siydik
Kod:7002
| Kabi | Karbamid azoti |
|---|
Tahlil ma'lumotlari
Tadqiqot usuli
- Kinetik usul
- Ureaza usuli
Kutilayotgan natija topshirish vaqti
1 kun
Maxsus tayyorlik
- Do not drink alcohol during the 24 hours before starting the collection.
- For 12 hours before beginning the 24‑hour collection, avoid spicy or salty foods and items that can discolor urine (such as beets or carrots).
- If medically allowed and approved by the clinician, hold diuretics for 48 hours before collection.
- Minimize strenuous activity and emotional stress throughout the 24‑hour urine collection period.
Qanday foydalanish
Karbamid azoti, 24 soatlik siydik (siydikdagi karbamid azoti yoki UUN) oqsil almashinuvini va azot balansini baholash uchun qo‘llanadi; enteral yoki parenteral oziqlantirish vaqtida katabolik va anabolik holatlarni farqlashga yordam beradi. Og‘ir ahvolda oziqlantirishni dozalashga axborot beradi, chunki u azot yo‘qotishlarini taxmin qilish va parhez o‘zgartirishlariga javobni kuzatish imkonini beradi. Test azotemiyani talqin qilishda ham foydali: u siydik bilan chiqarilishning kamayishini karbamidning ortiqcha hosil bo‘lishidan farqlashga yordam beradi va buyrak kasalliklari sharoitida buyraklarning ekskretor funksiyasini klinik baholashni qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi.
Cheklovlar
Jigar ammiakni karbamid sikli orqali karbamidga aylantiradi; karbamid suvda eruvchan bo‘lib, buyraklar orqali chiqariladi. Karbamid glomerulusda erkin filtrlanadi va taxminan uchdan bir qismi passiv qayta so‘riladi; siydik oqimi past bo‘lganda qayta so‘rilish ortadi. Sutkalik siydikdagi karbamid chiqishi oqsil qabul qilinishi bilan korrelyatsiya qiladi. Azot muvozanati holatida ≈500 mmol karbamid (≈14 g karbamid azoti) chiqarilishi ≈100 g ratsion oqsiliga mos keladi. Siydik bilan chiqariladigan azotli chiqindilarning taxminan 90% i karbamiddir. Siydikda karbamid ajralishining ortishi manfiy azot balansini ko‘rsatadi va operatsiyadan so‘ng, gipertireozda yoki yuqori oshqozon-ichak qon ketishidan keyin qon oqsillari oshqozon-ichak traktidan so‘rilganda kuzatilishi mumkin. Siydikda karbamid ajralishining kamayishi musbat azot balansini yoki karbamidning hosil bo‘lishi/chiqarilishi buzilishini ko‘rsatadi va buyrak kasalliklarida, karbamid sintezini cheklovchi jigar kasalliklarida, shuningdek o‘sish gormoni, testosteron va insulin kabi gormonlar qo‘llanganda kuzatiladi. Kam ajralish, shuningdek, dehidratatsiya, gipovolemiya yoki buyrak perfuziyasining pasayishi (masalan, qon ketish, shok, kuyishlar, yurak yetishmovchiligi) tufayli siydik oqimi past bo‘lgan holatlarda naychalarda karbamidning qayta so‘rilishining kuchayishi bilan bog‘liq bo‘lishi mumkin, hamda buyrak arteriyalarining aterosklerozi bo‘lgan yoshi katta shaxslarda kuzatiladi.
| Referens oraliq | — |
|---|---|
| Ko'rsatmalar | Quantifying nitrogen balance in critically ill patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition, Guiding protein prescription and adjusting protein intake during intensive care or severe illness managed with artificial nutrition, Evaluating diminished renal excretory function in azotemia, including kidney disorders such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, amyloidosis, renal tuberculosis, and acute or chronic renal failure |
Natija og'ishlarining mumkin sabablari
Oshgan daraja
- cortisone
- dexamethasone
- hydrocortisone
- prednisolone
- quinine
- salicylates
- thyroxine
Pasaygan daraja
- anabolic steroids
- growth hormone
- insulin
- nephrotoxic drugs
- testosterone
Namunangiz talablari
| Namunangiz | Urina |
|---|---|
| Container | Sutkalik siydik yig'ish idishi |
References
Tonks DB. A study of the accuracy and precision of clinical chemistry determinations in 170 Canadian laboratories. Clin Chem. 1963;9:217-233. PMID: 13985504.
Kamyshnikov VS. Clinical Laboratory Tests from A to Z and Their Diagnostic Profiles. 3rd ed. Moscow: MEDpress-inform; 2007.
Marshall J. Clinical Biochemistry. Moscow, St. Petersburg: Binom; Nevskii Dialekt; 2000.
Landry DW, Bazari H. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011: chap 116.